Bone formation definitions

Bioactivity 20, 23

  • The ability of a material to have interaction with or effect on any cell tissue in the human body.2
  • The ability of a material to form a direct bonding with the host biological tissue

Biocompatibility 20,23

  • The ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific situation.
  • Ability of a material to be in contact with a living system without producing an adverse effect.

Biocompatibility of a material-host system 21

  • D.F. Williams postulated that biocompatibility of a specific material does not exist. Instead the definition should be broadened and should state: biocompatibility of a material-host system.
  • Refers to the ability of a biomaterial to perform its desired function with respect to a medical therapy, without eliciting any undesirable local or systemic effects in the recipient or beneficiary of that therapy, but generating the most appropriate beneficial cellular or tissue response in that specific situation, and optimizing the clinically relevant performance of that therapy.5

Osteogenic 24

  • The property of a material to directly provide cells that will produce bone including primitive mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteocytes

Osteointegration 20,24

  • The property of a material that allows development of a direct, adherent and strong bond with the surrounding bone tissue.
  • The formation of a direct interface between an implant and bone, without intervening soft tissue.

Osteoconductivity 20,22-23

  • The ability of a scaffold to facilitate new bone formation by allowing bone cells to adhere, proliferate, and form extracellular matrix on its surface and pores
  • Primarily based on mechanical stimuli as well as chemical composition and geometry of the material
  • Passive process

Osteoinductivity 20,22-23

  • The ability to induce new bone formation through molecular stimuli recruitment and differentiation of stem cells in a controlled phenotype or particular lineage promote cellular functions leading to new bone formation
  • Active process